Dietary pattern classifications with nutrient intake and body composition changes in Korean elderly

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The body composition changes in aging increased the risk of metabolic disorder. Recent dietary studies have increasingly focused on the correlations between dietary patterns and chronic diseases to overcome the limitations of traditional single-nutrient studies because nutrients in food have complex relations that interact. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was conducted to classify a dietary pattern among Korean elderly using cluster analysis and to explore the relationships between dietary patterns and body composition changes in Korean elderly aged 65 years or older. The study subjects (n = 1,435) were individuals who participated in the Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) in 2011. RESULTS: There were three dietary patterns derived by cluster analysis in this study: 'Traditional Korean' (37.49% of total population), 'Meat and Alcohol' (19.65%) and 'Westernized Korean' (42.86%). The (1) 'Traditional Korean' pattern was characterized by high consumptions of white rice and low protein, low fat, and low milk products, while (2) 'Westernized Korean' pattern ate a Korean-style diet base with various foods such as noodles, bread, eggs and milk, (3) 'Meat and Alcohol' pattern had high consumptions of meat and alcohol. In body composition changes, compared with the 'Traditional Korean' pattern, the 'Meat & alcohol' pattern was associated with a 50% increased risk of having elevated BMI (kg/m2), 'Westernized Korean' pattern was associated with a 74% increased abnormality of ASM/Wt (kg) by logistics analysis. Most of the Korean adult population continues to follow ether a traditional Korean having beneficial effects for successful aging. However, the 'Traditional Korean' pattern showed low protein intake (0.7 g/kg), calcium intake, and vitamin D intake as well as low of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM (kg)) among 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the low ASM, consumption of protein, calcium and vitamin D should be increased for Korean elderly health body composition.

Applying the Health Belief Model to college students' health behavior

The purpose of this research was to investigate how university students' nutrition beliefs influence their health behavioral intention. This study used an online survey engine (Qulatrics.com) to collect data from college students. Out of 253 questionnaires collected, 251 questionnaires (99.2%) were used for the statistical analysis. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) revealed that six dimensions, "Nutrition Confidence," "Susceptibility," "Severity," "Barrier," "Benefit," "Behavioral Intention to Eat Healthy Food," and "Behavioral Intention to do Physical Activity," had construct validity; Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliabilities were tested for item reliability. The results validate that objective nutrition knowledge was a good predictor of college students' nutrition confidence. The results also clearly showed that two direct measures were significant predictors of behavioral intentions as hypothesized. Perceived benefit of eating healthy food and perceived barrier for eat healthy food to had significant effects on Behavioral Intentions and was a valid measurement to use to determine Behavioral Intentions. These findings can enhance the extant literature on the universal applicability of the model and serve as useful references for further investigations of the validity of the model within other health care or foodservice settings and for other health behavioral categories.

Service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intention in home delivered meals program

This study was conducted to evaluate recipients' perception of service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intention in home delivered meals program in the US. Out of 398 questionnaires, 265 (66.6%) were collected, and 209 questionnaires (52.5%) were used for the statistical analysis. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with a maximum likelihood was first conducted to estimate the measurement model by verifying the underlying structure of constructs. The level of internal consistency in each construct was acceptable, with Cronbach's alpha estimates ranging from 0.7 to 0.94. All of the composite reliabilities of the constructs were over the cutoff value of 0.50, ensuring adequate internal consistency of multiple items for each construct. As a second step, a Meals-On-Wheels (MOW) recipient perception model was estimated. The model's fit as indicated by these indexes was satisfactory and path coefficients were analyzed. Two paths between (1) volunteer issues and behavioral intention and (2) responsiveness and behavioral intention were not significant. The path for predicting a positive relationship between food quality and satisfaction was supported. The results show that having high food quality may create recipient satisfaction. The findings suggest that food quality and responsiveness are significant predictors of positive satisfaction. Moreover, satisfied recipients have positive behavioral intention toward MOW programs.

Clinical Observation on Urinary Tract Tuberculosis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A clinical observation was made on 72 cases of urinary tract tuberculosis who had been admitted to the Department of Urology, Chonnam University Medical School, Kwangju, Korea, during the 6 year period from January 1, 1976 through December 31, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. During the period, there were 72 cases of urinary tract tuberculosis, 4.0% of total 1.809 patients who were hospitalized during the period. There was a tendency of significantly decreasing annual incidence of urinary tract tuberculosis. 2. Among these 72 patients, 51 (71%) belonged to the age group of 20 to 49. 3. Bilateral upper urinary tracts were affected in 17 cases, while only right urinary tract was involved in 32 cases and left one in 23 cases. 4. The initial subjective complaints were mostly of vesical irritability, such as frequency (52.8%), hematuria (29.2%) and painful urination (27.8%). 5. There were 19 patients (26.3%) who consulted 6 months through 1 year after onset of symptoms. 6. Past history or present active lesions of tuberculous diseases were noted elsewhere in 40 patients (55.6%), of which 18 had pulmonary tuberculosis. 7 Urinalysis revealed proteinuria in 77.8% of all cases, hematuria in 62.5%, pyuria in 52.8% and AFB stain was positive in 47.2%. 8. On excretory urogram, nonvisualization of the kidney was found in 29 cases (40.3%) and delayed visualization in 20 cases (27.8%), while abnormal ureteral findings were noted in 18 cases (25.0%). 9. Of 60 operated cases, 44 cases were managed with nephroureterectomy, 8 cases with nephroureterectomy and reconstructive surgery and 5 cases with nephroureterectomy and contralateral urinary diversion, but 3 cases with diversion only.

Topical Therapy of Thio-TEPA on Superficial Bladder Tumors / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Intravesical thio-tepa instillations for 25 patients with superficial bladder tumors were evaluated postoperatively to reconfirm its usefulness as a prophylactic agent. The over-all recurrence rate to prophylactic thio-tepa was 28%, with minor toxicity observed in 32% of the Cases. Thio-tepa Can be given safely in the postoperative period and is effective in decreasing the recurrence rate and prolonging interval free of disease of superficial bladder tumors.

Topical Therapy of Thio-TEPA on Superficial Bladder Tumors / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Intravesical thio-tepa instillations for 25 patients with superficial bladder tumors were evaluated postoperatively to reconfirm its usefulness as a prophylactic agent. The over-all recurrence rate to prophylactic thio-tepa was 28%, with minor toxicity observed in 32% of the Cases. Thio-tepa Can be given safely in the postoperative period and is effective in decreasing the recurrence rate and prolonging interval free of disease of superficial bladder tumors.

A Case of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Bladder / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder in a 6-month-old male infant, who presented dysuria with straining and dribbling, and a suprapubic palpable hard mass distinct from the distended bladder, was reported with brief review of literatures.